Evaluation of the Predictive Value of Klotho in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Abstract 

Background Type2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, and is associated with serious cardiovascular complications. Klotho is an anti-aging protein involved in metabolic regulation and cellular protection. The study aimed to investigate the levels of klotho in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus and in those with type2 diabetes mellitus complicated by cardiovascular diseases.

Subjects and methods This case-control study was conducted to evaluate serum klotho levels in patients with type2 diabetes and those with type2 diabetes complicated by cardiovascular diseases. A total of eighty-two participants were included and divided into two groups: 41 patients diagnosed with type2 diabetes mellitus (with and without cardiovascular complications) and 30 apparently healthy individuals as controls.  Serum klotho, glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, creatinine(Cr), eGFR, an hs-CRP were measured.

Results The findings of this study demonstrate a statistically significant elevation in klotho levels in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus and those with concomitant cardiovascular disease, compared to healthy individuals (p<0.001).

Conclusion The elevation of  Klotho levels may be attributed to a compensatory response to metabolic disturbance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Accordingly, klotho may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes and its complication.